Ego Is the Enemy

Holiday organises the book into three stages, aspiration, success and failure, and argues that ego damages a person differently at each. During aspiration, ego produces talk instead of work, the desire to be recognised as good rather than to become good, and impatience with the apprentice period. During success, it produces entitlement, the belief that past results guarantee future ones, and the loss of the learning posture that produced the success. During failure, it produces blame, refusal to accept responsibility, and the inability to start again.

The material draws on Stoic sources, particularly Marcus Aurelius, Seneca and Epictetus, and on historical cases including William Tecumseh Sherman, George Marshall, Katharine Graham, Bill Walsh, Howard Hughes and Genghis Khan. Holiday's concept of the canvas strategy, meaning finding ways to make the people above you look better without seeking credit, comes from his own early career and is the most practical section.

Other arguments include that talking about a goal produces the psychological reward of having achieved it and reduces the likelihood of doing the work, that a person should remain a student permanently, that passion is overrated compared to purpose and realism, and that success should be measured against your own standards rather than against others.

The book is a collection of anecdotes selected to fit the thesis, and the historical readings are simplified to make the point. Holiday writes quickly and repeats himself across his books. There is no evidence beyond the cases. The chapters on the aspiration stage are the sharpest, particularly the argument that describing plans substitutes for executing them.

Author and media strategist; former director of marketing at American Apparel and owner of the Painted Porch bookshop in Texas.

The Obstacle Is the Way and Ego Is the Enemy convert Stoic practice - separating what is controllable from what is not, treating recognition as a threat to judgment - into working habits for people running companies, which is why the books circulate so widely among founders. Trust Me, I'm Lying and Growth Hacker Marketing document how online media incentives can be manipulated, written by someone who did it professionally.

The Daily Stoic, Painted Porch, American Apparel